"Change
We Need" is the prevailing political attitude
in Chicago's black community, and it has nothing
to do with Barack Obama's 2008 campaign slogan or
his re-election campaign.
Getting
rid of the "Tiresome Threesome" of black
city congressmen -- the ailing Bobby Rush (D-1),
who was first elected in 1992, the
scandal-challenged Jesse Jackson Jr. (D-2), who
was first elected in 1995, and the indolent and
increasingly irrelevant Danny Davis (D-7), who was
first elected in 1996 -- has become a priority
among black politicians.
A
congressional seat is a prized plum, nestled at
the apex of the "Pyramid of Power" which
typifies Chicago and Cook County politics. It is
deemed a steppingstone to the mayoralty. Harold
Washington, who was elected to Congress in 1980,
used the post to elevate his name recognition and
solidify his black base, and get elected mayor in
1983. Rush and Davis have run for mayor. Jackson
was primed to run for mayor in 2007 against Rich
Daley, but he folded; by 2011, when Daley retired,
Jackson was ensnared in the Rod Blagojevich
morass, the subject of an ethics investigation, an
admitted adulterer, and totally without
credibility and viability.
One
should not speak ill of the dead or pronounce the
dead as ill, but it's evident that Jackson's
career is on life support, just waiting for
someone (meaning Jackson) or something (meaning
the FBI or the House Ethics Committee) to flick
the switch. Once perceived as the "Great
Black Hope," he's now derided as the
"Great Black Dope."
Jackson
will never be mayor or U.S. senator. The only
unresolved question is how long can he last as the
2nd District's absentee congressman? He will be
re-elected on Nov. 6, but unless he resigns some
time during his 2013-14 term, he surely will be
defeated in the 2014 primary.
One
can surely empathize with Jackson's plight. He has
acknowledged that he suffers from bipolar
disorder, which is characterized by daily,
sometimes hourly, mood swings between elation and
depression. After the heady years of being
perceived as a mayor in waiting or better, Jackson
is now beset and besieged. The media regularly
lampoon, lambaste and lacerate him. The FBI
reportedly is investigating possible
irregularities in campaign spending. The House
Ethics Committee is investigating whether he used
his federal staff to intercede in the alleged
Blagojevich "Senate seat sale." If so,
he could be censured, sanctioned or expelled.
If
Jackson resigns, the probing and anxiety ends.
However,
sympathy is easily dwarfed by political ambition,
and a gaggle of 2nd District politicians,
including former U.S. representative Debbie
Halvorson, who is white and who lost the 2012
Democratic primary to Jackson by 56,130-22,678,
are eagerly eying the seat. Black voters provide
almost 70 percent of the primary vote, but a
contest with multiple black candidates against
Halvorson could result in her victory.
Now,
in political circles, like the protocol at a
fast-food restaurant, there's a rising crescendo
that it's time for the "Threesome" to
step aside and let the next generation of black
mayoral wannabes move into those congressional
seats and begin positioning themselves to run for
mayor when Rahm Emanuel moves on to another
office.
According
to insiders, here's the line of succession:
In
Davis's West Side 7th District, the possible
successors are Alderman Walter Burnett (27th), a
protege of Secretary of State Jesse White,
Alderman Deborah Graham (29th), a former state
representative, state Senator Kimberly Lightford
(D-4) of Maywood and state Representative LaShawn
Ford (D-8) of Chicago. Another possibility is
state Senator Kwame Raoul (D-13) of Hyde Park, who
took Obama's seat in 2005. The 2011 remap added a
sliver of the 5th Ward, where Raoul lives, to the
7th District.
Should
Davis, age 71, who earlier this year lost a race
against Graham for 29th Ward Democratic
committeeman, run again in 2014, he will have
competition from one or more of the aforesaid. The
congressman's days are numbered.
In
Rush's Near South Side 1st District, which takes
in all or part of 16 Chicago wards plus a large
swath of suburban and rural territory (166
precincts) stretching west of Interstate 57 to
Tinley Park and into Will County to Mokena,
Frankfort, New Lenox and Manhattan, the black
population is 55 percent.
Rush,
age 65, has been battling cancer since 2008, and
he underwent major surgery and five months of
treatment. He looks wan and frail, but he is still
combative. He got headlines when he donned a
hoodie on the House floor to condemn alleged
racial profiling in the wake of the fatal shooting
of Trayvon Martin in Florida.
The
congressman's stature in the district borders on
the iconic. He won the March primary with 83.6
percent of the vote against five challengers. He
will not lose a Democratic primary -- ever. He
thumped Obama in the 2000 1st District primary by
59,599-29,649, getting 61 percent of the vote.
When Rush retires, which likely will be in 2014,
Raoul is the designated successor, and he will
boast Obama's endorsement, even though he lives in
the 7th District. Under the federal Constitution,
one need only live in the state to represent any
congressional district. Another possibility is
Alderman Bob Fioretti (2nd), who is white.
Fioretti's ward was cannibalized by the City
Council's 2012 remap, and he will be out of a job
in 2015.
In
Jackson's south Lakefront and suburban/rural
district, which stretches from Pershing Road in
Burnham Park, which is 3800 south, east of the Dan
Ryan Expressway, to the southern Kankakee border,
a distance of 66 miles, the likely succession is
clear: It will be Alderman Will Burns (4th), a
protege of Cook County Board President Toni
Preckwinkle, not Alderman Sandi Jackson (7th), the
congressman's wife. Another possibility is
Alderman Anthony Beale (9th).
The
district has 194 precincts in six wards in
Chicago, 263 precincts in the south Cook County
suburbs, including predominantly black Bloom,
Bremen, Calumet, Rich and Thornton townships, 27
precincts in Will County and 85 precincts in
Kankakee County.
"There's
no way Sandi can win that seat," said a South
Side black Democrat. "If Junior resigns, it
will be in disgrace. He has been neglecting his
district. His baggage is too heavy for her to win
(the seat)"
However,
according to one South Side insider, if a special
election is called in 2013, the interim successor
will be Bob Shaw, a shopworn 34th Ward politician
who would be the placeholder until 2014. "In
a low-turnout primary, Halvorson could win,"
he said. "With only Shaw running, she
loses."
The
so-called "Pyramid of Power" is like a
ladder. The lowest rung is that of state
legislator. At present, there are eight black
state senators and 16 black state representatives
whose districts lie within the three congressional
districts. The next recorder of deeds, Karen
Yarbrough of Maywood, was a state representative,
as were her black predecessors, Gene Moore, Jesse
White and Carol Moseley Braun.
The
next rung is Cook County commissioner, of which
there are four, elected in districts: Earlean
Collins (D-1), Deborah Sims (D-5), Jerry
"Iceman" Butler (D-3) and Robert Steele
(D-2). None except West Sider Steele is deemed
congressional material, and Collins and Butler
likely will retire in 2014. The next rung is
countywide office, of which African Americans hold
five posts: board president, clerk of court,
recorder and two Metropolitan Sanitary District
commissionerships
The
next rung is Chicago alderman, of which there are
19, which will decrease to 18 in 2015. Both Rush
and Davis were aldermen, as were Preckwinkle and
her predecessor, Todd Stroger.
The
top rung is U.S. representative, which guarantees
visibility, a lifetime tenure and a shot at mayor.
A
bit of history is in order. Prior to the Great
Depression, Chicago's blacks were solidly
Republican. They provided South Side votes for
Mayor William Hale Thompson and other Republican
bosses. Chicago's first black congressman, in the
Near South Side 1st District, was Republican Oscar
DePriest, who was elected in 1932. The huge 1930s
influx of Southern African Americans, coupled with
Franklin Roosevelt's "New Deal," created
a Democratic base, and DePriest lost in 1934. Bill
Dawson, the Republican 2nd Ward alderman from 1933
to 1939, switched parties, became a Democratic
ward committeeman, and beat DePriest's successor
for Congress in 1942. Born in 1886 in Georgia,
Dawson rose to become chairman of the Government
Operations Committee; as the South Side
"boss," he delivered black votes for the
"Kelly Machine" and critical votes for
Richard J. Daley in 1955.
Dawson
died in 1969, and Daley picked 60-year-old 3rd
Ward Alderman Ralph Metcalfe, a 15-year Daley
loyalist, for the seat. After being harassed by a
white cop, Metcalfe morphed into a Daley critic
and pondered a 1975 run for mayor. Metcalfe died
in 1978, and he was replaced by Bennett Stewart,
whom Washington beat in 1980. Washington was
succeeded by Charlie Hayes, an obscure union
official, whom Rush unseated in 1992.
Explosive
West Side population growth made 24th Ward
Alderman George Collins the congressman in 1970.
He died in a 1973 plane crash, and his widow,
Cardiss Collins, held the seat until 1996, when
she retired and Davis was elected.
Equally
explosive Far South Side population growth enabled
the controversial, publicly anti-Semitic Gus
Savage to win the seat in 1980. He kept his job
until 1992, when attorney and talk show host Mel
Reynolds beat him with 63 percent of the vote.
Reynolds resigned in 1995 after being charged with
having sexual relations with a teenager. Jackson
won the November 1995 primary, getting 46 percent
of the vote in a turnout of 62,228 and beating
state Senators Emil Jones and Alice Palmer, whose
seat was won by Obama in 1996.
With
Emanuel moving on at some point, those three black
congressional seats are a coveted prize.